Window lock construction



2 Sheets-Sheet 1 J. L DAVIDSON WINDOW LOCK' CONSTRUCTION Filed Aug. 13, 1937 INVENTOR ATTORNEY AMES L. A V/DJO/V,

Aug. 19, 1941."

Aug. 19, 1941. J. DAVIDSON WINDOW LOCK CONSTRUCTION 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 13, 1937 JhMEs L. DAV/DSON,

INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 19, 1941 r mm.

mow; tooKh usraucrmN James LIDavidson, Los" Angeles, Calif. Alienation Augilstm, 193,7, s em, lasgeia 2 Claims. (01. 292-57) This invention relates to improvements in. win.- dow construction, and particularly,- to, that type common1y-known=-asa double-hung sash or English sash.-

The invention hasfor an object the provision 01' a double hung type window andits'sash which allowsready cleaning of the, window sash through the mere expediency of a. certain con-. struction which oonvertssaid Window into; the casement sash; or French sash type.

At thepresent timein office buildings, the

douhleehung sash: or English; sash window is generally utilized, particularly where the, sash is, formed of wood; When it becomes necessary tocleana glass windowrrnountedin a sash-ofthis 51 character, the window washer, as a rule, cleans the outside of the glass windowwhile"utilizing a, safety belt; Statistics show that-safety belts are not always reliable and numerous deaths result through carelessnessof the window washer either not f asteningmthe belt. correctly, by slipping, or other causes- Furthermore, it ispr ace tically impossible for a window washer-toobtain any insurance, and? if, insuranceis. obtained, the p iumis ene l ve y hi h.

An object. ofgthe present nvention mem- I vide adouble-hung type: window having, its parts so constituted and arran ed. that the. weight membersgenerally used for counter-balancing the windowsash may be locked in, a, given POSi': tion and the individual window sashes. m v inwardly or outwardly, as the case may be, whereby either or both sides of the glazed -win-. .dow sashes maybe contacted The inventor is aware that various meanshaye been utilized, to provide either, acasernent. dow sash or a double-hung window. sash, butso far as theinyentor is; aware, no simple means, inexpensive in, costoflmanuiacture, isnowon the market ,capableof, quickly and reliably re: ii leasing the doublerhung window sash so, that t may be used as a casement Wpev windowsash, The invention, is, of course, of great utility for the housewife, in that itbecomes a. simple matter to wash the glasswindow, and. is

har icularly window sash opening and not afull length opening. g

An object of the invention to; p ovide cer tain hardware. which may be utilized, with a double-hung window sash of the star dard type,

and h c ar w e o c n u ted to be v y c eap in cost o an fa t r asw l as-th retail price of furnishing; the same. When cheapness is considered, ,together withthe ad: vantage saof. a-window sash construction of the type to be hereinafter described, together. with the safety factors inyolved, the inventor feels that a distinct step-has been madeimthis-particular art over devices which are more cum,- b some. nd u xpensive. t o: ken to install. Withthe, present invention, anon ina arp te can ns he tes c r mechanism. adapted. to, perform. the function: of the invention, to, wit: to providea-duofpld wine dow sash, which,,m ay beeitherof, casement or double-hung type at the will, of the individual By way of. description, it may be stated that theordinary type of windowsashmay'beutilized; such, sashv comprising shaded-apart parallel stiles interconnecting with. top and-bottom rails, Both of the stiles. are. in two, parts,- the twoparts, of one beinghinged together, andv the two-parts of its parallel stile; not hinged. I-provide, in addition, the usual sash weights, and a means constituting a portion of the present invention, wherehythe outermostv portion of the hinged and not hinged, two-part stiles both, may be lo lsedto, the Window fi ameand particularly to th pulley stiles, and.- at the same time release. the, other portion.- ofthesash stiles. to permit the window, sash to. swingin-one directionthrough the. medi m of h h ges h u y we h s heing, held against movement .when the sash is swun n asecorl pera ion. ens p eviqu ly men ioned int k th two portions of th st es and n; so. doing, r ea sthe Sash weights so that the window sash as an entirety,

useful during any type of weather, whena casement type window would be more desired than a, double-hung type window. For instance, in hot weatheror cold weather, a casement wmdow sash permits an opening adapted to. allow air to i enter aroom and at the same time deflect the air current to prevent drafts upon a person, The double-hung window, sash is, not so readily utilized for this purpose, and iurtherrnore, the

double-hung type -window will only allow one ma onstitut Wha is al ed h u l u h nasash to, er, it it heme r ised o e d rel iv to hewindow This contem lates th in entiqn nits. simpl stemho im nt f Q hs ob ec hei yention will be a pa en ho ho ave needio t a i ow sa h, of,

the p me t oned. i m e taint dut that th p sent ty e, .Q .c u ituct n n rmi s a s en to be p rm nent v.che t h out s rc i r va. w ich is Sa ety fastor n hat whe he screens are, i; sllfficieu e htia ce s.

t r u hewi idqw is re ted hus minate ing petty thievery and still the window sash may be raised and lowered, or used as easements, and both sides of the glazed sash may be readily cleaned.

The device, while particularly adapted for window construction, is also readily adaptable for door construction where, under certain circumstances, it is desired to lift or elevate the door straight upwardly or to permit the door to be lowered and act as a swing door.

In addition to inexpensiveness in cost of manufacture, ready adaptability to various uses, Whether for window, door, or the like, the invention consists in the novel and useful provision, construction, association, and relative arrangement of parts, members and features, all as shown in certain embodiments in the -ac com-.

panying drawings, described generally, and more particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary elevation, partly in section, of a double-hung sash incorporating casement features,

Figure 2 is a sectional of Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a perspective view of means adapted to cooperate with the window sash and frame whereby when said means is operated, the window sash may operate as a double-hung or English type or as a casement or French type,

Figure 4 shows a portion of the means of Figure 3 in a changed position, and,

Figure 5 is a sectional view on the line 5-5 of Figure 3.

Referring now to the drawings, I have shown in Figures 1 and 2 a window frame l of conventional appearance and of the type which may be utilized for the ordinary double-hung s ash. Referring to Figure 1, l designates generally the inside window frame and 2 the outside window frame. The vertical outside casing members 3 and 4 of the outside window frame 2, together with the inside casing members 5 and 6 of the view on the line 2-2 inside window frame I, and the interconnecting pulley stiles I and 8 between the casing members 3 and 5, and 4 and 6, respectively, form what are known as weight boxes or pockets, So far. the construction is usual, and the pulley stiles 1 and 8 are both provided with parting strips 9 and I B, and stop beads I l and I2. It is customary to permit the outside architrave to project slightly beyond the outer face of the pulley stiles, as shown at [3 and It. In ordinary practice then, and assuming that puleys are used and secured by suitable brackets adjacent the top of the wei ht boxes, as indicated by dotted lines at 5 and I6, and that weights i1 and iii are in one weight box and weights l9 and 211 in the other weight box, these weights when connected by suitable cords passed over the pulleys, of which 15 and I5 are representative, counter-balance in the usual manner the sashes, here designated as entireties by 2| and 22. These sashes are guided within suitable sash-receiving grooves. the rooves being formed by the provision of the stop beads and parting strips in one instance. and the parting strips and the architrave, together with the outer face of the pulley stile in the second nstance. It is evident that the present sashes would operate in accordance with any doublehung sash. and it is now proposed to so construct the window sash that the same may onerate as a casement sash. To accomplish this. I provide certain novel constructional features and means. One sash will be considered, as the other sash is identically arranged, and the hardware the same.

Taking the sash 2| by way of example, the sash frame constitutes, as is usual, stile members 23 and 24, which usually constitute the vertical portions of the frame, and top and bottom rails interconnecting the stiles indicated at 25 and 25. The glass pane is held between the stiles and rails in the customary manner. The stiles, in each instance, are formed in two cooperating parts and, for convenience, the parts will be designated as 23a and 23b in one instance, and 24a and 24b in the second instance. The stile 23a is movable within the sash receiving groove of the pulley stile, to wit, that portion included between the stop bead II, the outer face of the pulley stile and the parting strip 9. Connecting the two parts of the stile 23 together, to wit, the parts 23a and 231), are hinges 27 and 28. For purposes of ilustration, these hinges are shown as exposed, and it is evident that any type of hinge may be used in practicing the invention, although in actual practice, the invisible type is preferred, so that the hinge is hidden from view. The stile 24 has the two parts 24a and 24b, and the part 24a is received within the sash receiving groove of the window frame, and particu larly the groove included between the parting strip Hi, the outer surface of the pulley stile, and the window stop I 2, as see Figure 2. The weight cords are, in each instance, secured'to the outermost half, to wit, the part 23a and 24a of the s ash stiles; in other words, if certain mechanism, to be hereinafter described, was not included, the stile part 24a would move under influence of a counter-balance weight independent of the main window stile 24b. The same would be true for the opposite window stile were it not for the presence of the hinges 2! and 28.

In order to operate the device successfully so that the sash may be readily moved as a vertically hung type or as a casement type, I have provided means which may assume the character depicted in Figures 3 to 5, inclusive. This means, characterized generally by the numeral. 29, includes a bolt 30 having an elongated shank, and ends 3| and 32 at substantially right angles to the longitudinal axis, of the shank. This bolt is of such a shape and length as to bind together two of members 33 and 34, or 34 and 35. These members are in reality a casing or bolt supporting element and two bolt keepers, and taking the first keeper 33. the same includes a fiat plate 33a with two half-round portions 33b and 330 forming therebetween a slot 31. The casing 34 includes a plate 38 and a half-round member 39, the edge of which half-round member is spaced from the plate 38 to provide away or slot 4b. to permit assembly of bolt 39 (see Figure 5), The keeper 35 includes a plate 4] formed with a keyway slot 42, and extended outwardly from a surface thereof is a split tube 43.

Assuming position of assemblage for the various members. as illustrated in Figure 3, it will be observed that the shank of the bolt 3!! is substantially cylindrical in cross section. as illustrated Figure 5, and that the way. slot or groove in the casing and each respective keeper is. in each instance, less in cross dimension than the diameter of the bolt. The angled extremity 3! of the bolt, which may be termed the bolt head. is reduced in diameter by diametrically slotting or shouldering the same, as shown at Mi so as to readily pass through slot 40 in assembly and slot 3? in operation. The opposite shown in Figure 4.

end of the bolt, to wit, the angular extremity 32, is shaped as a key so as to readily pass through slot 40 in assembling and the keyway slot 42 and the split or way in the member 43 in operation. Thus, in the position shown for the bolt in Figure 3, the key end of the bolt is forward of the plate 4| and the bolt holds together the keeper 33 and casing 34 by the head engaging an end of the member 330. In Figure 4, the bolt shown in dotted lines has been revolved 90 from the showing of Figure 3, so that the shoulder portion of the head may be received Within the slot or way 31, and the key 32 passed through the keyway 42 and the way in the member 43, whereupon the bolt may be revolved 90 to the left, viewing Figure 4, full lines, the key engaging an end of the tube 43, so as to prevent movement of the bolt. In the position shown in Figure 4, the casing 34 and keeper 35 are held together and the keeper 33 is freed from the keeper casing 34.

The members 29, considered as entireties, are placed at four points or zones of the window sash, to wit: the zones indicated by dotted lines at 45, 46, 41, and full lines at 46. Referring to Figure l, and to that portion indicated at 48, it will be seen that the sash keeper 33 is countersunk inwardly from the upper edge of the top rail. This keeper, as are the casing and remaining keeper, conveniently held in position by means of Wood screws or other means passed through openings for this purpose in the respective casing and keepers. The casing 34, to wit, the pulley sash casing, is secured to the member 24a of the window sash, and the pulley stile keeper 35 is secured to the pulley stile, a transverse opening in the stile being provided for this purpose, and the face plate 4| countersunk within the outer face of said stile and held to said stile by wood screws, or the like. Without repetition, it may be said that the arrangement of the means 29 would be the same for the zone marked 41; and for the zones marked 46 and 45, the said means would be just the reverse of the mounting for the zones 41 and 48. In this regard, it may be stated that the means 29, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, are in the positions that they would assume at the zones 45 and 46.

The operation, uses and advantages of the invention are as follows:

When the bolts 30 lie between the keeper 33 and casing 34, the two-part stiles are locked together and'either sash may be raised or lowered as desired. When it is desired to operate one of the sashes as a casement, say the sash 2|, the sash is raised to a selected position above the stool 49 or to such position that the finger may grasp the head 3| to revolve the bolt, whereby the bolt may be moved longitudinally of the keeper and casing to place the bolt in the position It makes little difference which bolts are first moved, whether it be the bolts at 41 and 48, or the bolts at 45 and 46, but in any event, the stiles 23a and 24a must be locked to the pulley stiles so that the pulley weights are prevented from moving downwardly within the weight boxes or pockets. After the bolts have released the stiles 23b and 24b, the sash may be moved to say, the dotted line presented in Figure 2 at 50. Thus, we have a true casement type window sash.

The operation of the sash 22 is, of course, the same as for the one just described, and while the sashes may be in exact parallelism when this operation occurs, still, in Figure 1, I have for ure 4 to that of Figure the purpose of clarity shown the sash 22 as slightly raised above the sash 2|. After the sash 2| has had the sash keepers released, it is an easy matter to engage the heads of the means 29 for the sash 22 so that this sash may be swung to the dotted line position shown at 5| in Figure 2. The sash 22 may not assume as great an opening angle as the sash 2|. Obviously, the

sash 22 will assume a greater opening angle in proportion to the increased width of the keeper member 33a and attached two-part stile member, together with increased length of the bolt 30 of the means 29 for the sash 22 over the width of a-like keeper attached to the two-part stile member and bolt of means 29 for the sash 2|.

In order that inclement weather may be taken care of, to the end that water shall not pass through the window sash, particularly the portions where the two-part stile portions interconnect, I prefer to rabbet and bevel each stile 24a and 2417 as indicated by the lines 52 and 53.

When the windows have been swung, either separately or jointly, as in the case of a casement window, it is a simple matter to clean either side of the pane, as 18 self-evident. In oflice buildings, the danger incident to window washers working on the exterior of the buildings is eliminated by a sash of this type, and furthermore, by swinging inwardly, dangers incident to sashes that normally swing outwardly, as they do in certain installations, is a further assurance against accident or falls through a window opening. 1

Obviously, to return the sash or sashes to the normal double-hung type, the sequence of operations for the members 29 is reversed, to wit, the keeper bolts, say the keeper bolts for the zones 45 and 46, are moved from the position of Fig- 3, and the same for the uppermost portions 41 and 48, whereupon the sash weights are again brought into play so that this sash may be moved upwardly or downwardly.

I claim:

1. In a lock of the character disclosed, a casing, two keepers and a lock bolt slidably mounted in said casing so that said bolt may be moved into one locking position extending through said casing and one of said keepers, or into another locking position extending through said casing and said other keeper, angular end portions on the ends respectively of said bolt, so arranged that one of said end portions may engage said casing while the other end portion engages either of saidkeepers, for locking said'bolt against sliding movement while in either of its said locking positions.

2. In a lock of the character disclosed, a casing, two keepers and a lock bolt slidably mounted in said casing so that said bolt may be moved into one locking position extending through said casing and one of said keepers, or into another locking position extending through said casing and said other keeper, angular end portions on the ends respectively of said bolt, and said keepers having ways through which said angular end portions of the bolt may slide respectively, so that when said bolt is in either of its said locking positions it maybe turned to cause one of said angular end portions to engage said casing and said other angular end portion to engage one of said keepers to lock said bolt against sliding movement while in either of its locking positions.

JAMES L. DAVIDSON. 

